how the cell cycle is an integral part of the cell functions

 Biology homework help
You have a choice of which assignment based on your discipline. No matter, which assignment you must incorporate the cell cycle and how it is affected by cancer’s abnormal regulation and how a drug may affect the cell cycle at the replication or distribution phase.   You are to do only 1.
DO Not copy from the internet the safe assign will catch it; we are looking for your ability to inform accurately how the cell cycle is an integral part of the cell functions. 
1. You are a  teacher who needs assessment that will support the content knowledge of mitosis and meiosis of a eukaryotic cell for student learning outcomes regarding cancer.
2. You are in the advertising business, and you have been hired to develop a campaign to help a pharmaceutical company sell a new drug that will affect the metastasis of cancer. (Use the information from this module).
3. You are a social worker who must explain to a client about cancer, how cells metastasize and develop tumors,  and must receive appropriate treatment that would cause cell death.
You can use PowerPoint, create an interactive program using PowerPoint. Please ensure that you cover the topic thoroughly but be accurate and creative. Powerpoint slides should be no more than 12 to 14 content slides.  The title slide and the references slide is not counted,  You cannot use Prezi and Slideshare.  It is an automatic ‘0″.
If you use Powerpoint, use APA title page, and APA reference page not to be counted in the total of content slides, the number of content slides 12 min. and 15 max.
The APA reference slide is the last slide and is separate from the other slides.
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Human culture is changing faster than humans can evolve

 Biology homework help
Sexual selection is a specific form of natural selection that states that some individuals in a population are more reproductively successful than others. The theory goes on to discuss traits that occur in individuals that don’t really offer increased survivability, but seemingly are in place for the sole purpose of attracting a mate. A male peacock’s bright feathers and horns of a male ibex are examples of these sexual traits.
Can you think of other examples? Do humans display any of these characteristics? 50 words count
 
Human culture is changing faster than humans can evolve. What evidence of rapid environmental change do you see locally, nationally, and globally? Explain. 50 words count
Write a paragraph on allele frequency and a paragraph on gene pool.
comment on Katelynn post 50 word count
 
One major change in our environment, as compared to most of human history, is our access to food! I think of how easy it is for me to run to the grocery store and pick up food shipped here from all over the world. It has not always been such a simple and common thing to enjoy the produce of other continents. Our “food environment” has, in a way, expanded beyond our immediate geographic location, and so our access to more varied nutrient sources is heightened. We also have abundant access to junk food! So, there is great opportunity for the emergence of both wonderfully healthy populations and woefully disease-ridden populations.
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What biological structure does the winding stairs in Jerome’s apartment resemble? What do we call this arrangement?

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Extra Credit: 20 pts Name:__________________________________________ Due: Section Day/time:_____________________________
GATTACA Movie Questions Introduction GATTACA is a science fiction movie about a future in which genetic technology determines your success or failure. Using what you’ve learned about DNA and genetics from class, answer the questions below. The questions must be answered in whole. Please use complete sentences to fully answer the question. Movie Questions
1. The title “GATTACA” is composed entirely of the letters found in which type of biological macromolecule? Describe how these “letters” are arranged in the molecule.
2. What biological structure does the winding stairs in Jerome’s apartment resemble? What do we call this arrangement? What components of the molecule are represented by the “steps”? What components are represented by the rails?
3. The FBI agents are called “Hoovers,” a reference to legendary top G-man J. Edgar Hoover, but also a clever reference to a vacuum cleaner brand. There are numerous shots of vacuums being used to gather hair, dead skin cells, and nails. What are these materials being collected? How would these materials be analyzed?
4. The surgery that Vincent undergoes to increase his height is called the Ilizarov procedure, named after the Russian doctor who invented it 40 years ago to treat dwarfism. This painful operation adds length by allowing new bone to grow in the gap left by gradually separating ends of the broken bone. The patient’s shinbones are cut in two, a brace is applied and metal pins would pull apart the ones a millimeter a day. Risks include feet permanently turned at odd angles, twisted legs, and weakened bones that break again and again. Why is Vincent undergoing this procedure? How does it relate to his designation as an “invalid”? How is the connotation of the word “invalid” in this movie different from the current connotation?
5. When GATTACA was first released, as part of the marketing campaign there were advertisements for people to call up and have their children genetically engineered. Thousands of people actually called the phone number, believing the advertisement to be true. Do you think scientists should be working on genetic engineering? Why? Note: technology has advanced since this movie came out. We currently have the capabilities to do some level engineering of gametes. This debate is no longer science fiction, its reality.
6. The film’s working title was “The Eighth Day,” an allusion to the days of creation described in the Bible’s book of Genesis. In the bible God created the earth from nothing in six days and rested on the seventh. Why do you think, The Eighth Day, was considered as a title? Why do you think it was rejected?
7. The beginning of the movie has a quote from Ecclesiastes in the Old Testament, “Consider God’s handiwork, who can straighten what He hath made crooked”. If we can choose the characteristics of our children in the future, then should we? Why or why not? Which characteristics would be OK to choose? Which would not? Who would decide and how?
8. The real Jerome is expected to be perfect because of his “superior” genes. Is this superiority a blessing or a curse for him and why?
9. The Mission Director at GATTACA says, “No one exceeds their (genetic) potential.” Do you agree? Did genes predict Vincent’s success (or failure)? What else might affect someone’s potential? What is the movie’s definition of a “de-generate”?
10. The piano player in the concert scene is playing a musical piece that can only be played by a person with 6 fingers on each hand. How feasible would this characteristic be to genetically engineer?
11. In movie, what do you think was scientifically feasible today? What do you think will be feasible in the future? After you answer this below to see what some of the science the movie got wrong.
Bad Science in GATTACA • Vincent tells Irene that he’s already 10000 heartbeats beyond his expected lifespan. No
doubt he means some much higher number; the human heart beats about 90000 times a day!
• Healthy individuals do not shed nucleated cells into their urine, so DNA cannot usually be obtained from it. If you pee out nucleated cells, then go to the hospital!
• The so-called “electric” cars have tailpipes which produced exhaust. • Here are some famous people who may have not been born if “genetically inferior”
children were discarded in the past: Abraham Lincoln (Marfan’s syndrome), Emily Dickenson (Manic Depression), Vincent van Gogh (Epilepsy), Albert Einstein (Dyslexia), John F. Kennedy (Addison’s disease), Rita Hayworth (Alzheimer’s disease), Ray Charles (Primary Glaucoma), Stephen Hawking (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis), Jackie Joyner- Kersee (Asthma). Of course, the other birth that may never have taken place is your own!
12. Describe two other examples of “Bad Science” that you observed in the movie.
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How did eradication of Rinderpest from East Africa increase both the tree and giraffe populations in the Serengeti?

 Biology homework help
(1) Trophic Cascades in theSerengeti. Watch Dr. Cox’s video on “What Rinderpest eradication taught us about the Serengeti”, which can be found in the Instructor Insights folder for this week. Then address the following questions: (a) How did eradication of Rinderpest from East Africa increase both the tree and giraffe populations in the Serengeti? (b) How did eradication of Rinderpest from East Africa increase the population of predator species in the Serengeti? (c) What does this tell us about ecosystems?
  • (2) Shrinking Red Knots. Read two of the following three articles: Briggs (2016); Dussault (2016); Zimmer (2016). (A) In your own words summarize the basic story that the articles have in common. (B) Of the two articles you read, which of them do you prefer? Why?
  • (3) Biomes. The term “biome” is described in the textbook. For this topic, describe the biome where you grew up (or where you currently live). Identify your location, the biome of the region, and describe the major characteristics of that biome. Add enough detail and commentary from your own experience, so that your answer is 125 words or more. If you’re really ambitious, you could consider looking up the “ecoregion”. The EPA maintains information about that.

References.
Cox, J. F. (2017). What Rinderpest eradication taught us about the Serengeti. [Video]
Briggs, H. (2016, May 13). Shrinking bird pays the bill for Arctic warming. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment- 36266692
Dussault, J. (2016, May 12). Climate change chould be shrinking these arctic birds. The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved from http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2016/0512/Climate-change-could-be-shrinking-these-Arctic-birds
Zimmer, C. (2016, May 12). Climate change and the case of the shrinking red knots. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/17/science/climate-change-bird-red-knots.html?_r=0

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describe one type of chemical barrier that the body puts up to keep a pathogen from penetrating the outer wall

 Biology homework help

Immunity

The main drama in the struggle of AIDS takes place in our immune system. From the moment that the body is infected by the first HIV virus, a battle of epic proportion begins in the immune system. The HIV is fighting to kill the immune system, and the immune system is fighting to kill the virus. The battle will continue for the remainder of the patient’s life.  In order for you to understand this battle, you will need to know more about the immune system, which is covered in chapter 3.
Before the class next week, you should read the chapter to learn about the major components of the immune system. Te two major themes that I want to focus on are Innate Immunity and Adaptive Immunity. Each of you should read about both, but select only one of these topics to write about. 
Option 1: Innate immunity innate is a general name for the non-specific immune responses that provide the body’s first and second lines of defense against invading pathogens. This part of the immune system is not damaged in AIDS, while the adaptive immunity is. It might be helpful to educate AIDS patients on the innate immune system to help them understand what is going on in their bodies, and how to make the most of it.
For this discussion, choose one example of innate immunity to focus on. Choose one aspect that was particularly interesting to you. Do some research to find out a little more about it. Here is a list of examples, but you can think of other ones as well:
a. describe one type of chemical barrier that the body puts up to keep a pathogen from penetrating the outer wall. Inder what conditions is it released? How does it work?
b. one part of the inflammatory response such as non-specific phagocytosis. Tell us how that works. You’d probably fined it helpful to watch this video:
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/human-anatomy-and-physiology/introduction-to-immunology/v/inflammatory-response (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
c. Tell us how an AIDS patient can work with his/her non-specific pathways to help them work to their optimal capacity, in light of the fact that his adaptive immune system is not working. For example, how can he work with his inflammatory response to get optimal benefit?
Option 2 – Adaptive Immunity:
In Chapter 3, we also learned about the adaptive immune response. This systems used a special class of white blood cells known as lymphocytes to attack specific target antigens that the body has seen in the past. This involves B-cells, T-helper cells and T-killer cells. It is these pathways that are disrupted in AIDS.
For this discussion, choose one example of adaptive immunity to focus on. Choose one aspect that was particularly interesting to you. Do some research to find out a little more about it. Here is a list of examples, but you can think of other ones as well:
Cell-free antibodies are large protein molecules that are released by B-cells as a part of the Humoral Response, which is one arm of the Adaptive Immune Response.  There may be millions of B-cells in the body at birth, and each one has been programmed during development to produce a different unique type of antibody molecule that will recognize a single antigen in it’s lifetime. As such, our bodies have the ability to recognize almost any invading pathogen with at least one type of these antibodies. When our body recognizes a pathogen, it will begin to amplify the B-cell that makes the type of antidody that can recognize it. This will launch a whole body defense, against the pathogen.
a. Describe the primary immune response, which is what happens the first time that the body recognizes an invading pathogen.  Explain what happens to the single B-cell that makes antibodies against that pathogen. How long does after infection does it take for the immune response to knock down the infection?
b. Describe the secondary immune response, which is what happens when the same invading pathogen is involved in a re-infection of the body. Since there are now thousands of dormant B-cells that recognize the antigens on the pathogen, how is the immune response enhanced? How quickly does that occur. compared to the first encounter with that pathogen?
c. Describe how a vaccine works. Which how does the vaccine replace the primary response? When the pathogen enters the body for the first time in a person who has already been vaccinated, does it encounter a primary immune response or a secondary immune response? Explain.
d. There is a second arm of the adaptive immune response known as “Cell-mediated Immunity” which is mediated by using T-cells, rather than B-cells. There two types of T-cell responses, one with the T-Helper cells and one with cytotoxic T-cells.  T-Helper cells are the T-cells with the CD4 receptor on the surface, through which the HIV particles enter the cell. It is the T-Helper cells that are killed in AIDS.  The second type of T-cell response is with a different type of T-cell, T-killer cells, also known as cytotoxic T cells or CD8+ cells. Here’s the question: If AIDS kills only the T-Helper cells, why are both the humoral (B-cell) and cell-mediated responses (T-cell) pathways knocked out?

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The Importance of ATP and Enzymes

 Biology homework help
2 Assignments  2 separate files –
NO PLAGIARISM or COPY / PASTE* ORIGINAL WORK ONLY
PART1
The Importance of ATP and Enzymes (250 words MAX) 
*nothing extra just answer the questions*
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) has been called the energy currency of the cell. Briefly outline the cycle by which energy is stored in and released from ATP. Discuss how ATP is critically important to cellular chemical processes.
Enzymes are protein materials that control chemical processes. Describe the specific mechanisms of enzyme function. Pick a specific enzyme and describe its function and the importance of that function to life. Discuss how the loss of that enzyme would disrupt living processes.
PART 2
NO PLAGIARISM or COPY / PASTE* ORIGINAL WORK ONLY
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration (700 words Max)
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis form a critical cycle of energy and matter that supports the continued existence of life on earth. Describe the stages of cellular respiration and photosynthesis and their interaction and interdependence including raw materials, products, and amount of ATP or glucose produced during each phase. How is each linked to specific organelles within the eukaryotic cell. What has been the importance and significance of these processes and their cyclic interaction to the evolution and diversity of life? Please include the references used. APA format
*COVER and Reference page are not required.
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Where do we get glucose from?

Biology homework help

Name Ashley Waddy____________________
Biology 1111.06__________________

Chapter 7 Assignment

Worth 100 Points
Directions: Answer the following questions and/or statements below regarding understanding cellular respiration. Don’t forget to use the class format in answering these questions on the assignment. After you have completed the document, submit it in the appropriate dropbox. More than one submission will result in a 10-point penalty. Do not edit the document. The title along with the directions and questions must be included to avoid the 15-point penalty applied to the overall grade. Again, do not edit the document and add your answers to the original document. Remember, the submissions of pdf are not allowed in this class. If a pdf is submitted, you will receive a zero for the assignment for not following directions. Again, all work again should be placed in the dropbox. Also, the document that you submit should be a Microsoft Word Document. If your document is not a Microsoft Word Document, you will not receive any credit for the assignment. NO concessions will be given for late work, resubmissions, or concessions. Again, don’t forget that your answers should be written in the class template and to provide everything that is required for an assignment to avoid penalties. Check your syllabus regarding what is required for all activities
1. Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration. Circle the reactants and underline the products. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ———— 6CO2
2. Where in the cell does cellular respiration occur? It occurs in all the cells body and it is the reason we breathe.
3. Label the parts of the mitochondria – outer membrane, inner membrane, cristae (folds on the inner membrane). Type answer in the box.
4. Where do we get glucose from?
5. What gas combines with glucose in order for glucose to break down?
6. What type of organisms carry out cellular respiration?
7. What does cellular respiration produce for our cells?
8. Where is the energy in glucose stored?
9. What do humans & animals do with the CO2 produced when glucose breaks down?
10. What do plants do with the CO2 produced during cellular respiration?
11. What is the function of the mitochondria?
12. What do we do with the H2O produced when glucose breaks down?
13. What do plants do with the H2O they produce during cellular respiration?
14. What is energy? What is the energy current of the cell? What is energy used for in eukaryotic cells. Be specific. This answer must have at least 5 sentences in order to receive credit.
15. What does glycolysis mean?
16. Where in the cell does glycolysis occur? In the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria, is the breakdown of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate.
17. What is glucose broken down into during glycolysis?
18. Does glycolysis need/require O2?
19. Is glycolysis an anaerobic or aerobic process?
20. Where do the ATP’s that start glycolysis (stage 1) come from?
21. What’s the function of the Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain (stage 2)?
22. What does fermentation mean? It is the anaerobic breakdown of glucose, resulting in the production of two ATP per glucose ensures that ATP is available for cellular processes.
23. Name the 2 types of fermentation. Acholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.
24. What organisms carry out alcohol fermentation?
25. Does alcohol fermentation require oxygen?
26. Why does bread dough rise? Explain this process with your understanding of fermentation. This answer must have at least 5 sentences to receive credit.
27. After we exercise strenuously our muscles are sore. Why? This answer must have at least 5 sentences to receive credit.
28. Does lactic acid fermentation require oxygen?
29. Does cellular respiration require oxygen?
30. How often does cellular respiration occur in our bodies?
31. Explain the preparatory reaction and its purpose in cellular respiration. This answer must have at least 5 sentences to receive credit.
32. How many ATP are produced in the Citric Acid Cycle? 6NAD+
33. What is the total amount of ATP produced in Glycolysis?
34. How many times does the Citric Acid Cycle turn to produce 6 NADH?
35. Explain the why ATP Synthase Complex is required in Cellular Respiration. This answer must have at least 5 sentences to receive credit.
36. What are the coenzymes that are used in cellular respiration?
37. Explain why fats produce more ATP than a glucose molecule. This answer must have at least 5 sentences to receive credit.
38. ATP Synthase Complex is found in which reaction that is a part of cellular respiration?
39. Why are H+ ions important for the output of cellular respiration? This answer must have at least 5 sentences to receive credit.
40. Tell one interesting thing that you learned about cellular respiration in chapter 7. This answer must have at least 5 sentences.
Inner membrane
Outer membrane
Cristae

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Describe at least 2 benefits and 2 drawbacks there might be for animal cells (including humans) to make their own food through photosynthesis

 Biology homework help
 Minimum 200 Words.
 
Assignment Details
Photosynthesis and Chloroplasts
You will read that only plants, algae, and some bacteria are photosynthetic. There is an exception to this, however. One species of sea slug has found a way to steal chloroplasts, store them in glands lining its digestive tract, and live on the sugar that is produced (Milius, 2010).
Focus your discussion on 1 of the following topics:

  • Describe at least 2 benefits and 2 drawbacks there might be for animal cells (including humans) to make their own food through photosynthesis.
  • Explain which cells, tissues, or organs should be modified to lead to successful photosynthesis in animals. Discuss how this compares to a plant’s leaves.
  • Describe at least 1 requirement for photosynthesis that would need to be considered for chloroplasts to function in an animal or a human.
  • Predict 2 or more consequences of photosynthesis in humans.

Recommended: Click on the following links to review materials to enhance your knowledge and assist with your discussion post.
Chloroplast-Stealing Sea Slug
Photosynthesis
Utilize at least 1 credible source to support the arguments presented in your post. Make sure you cite appropriately within your narrative and list the reference(s) in APA format.
References
Farabee, M. J. (2007). Photosynthesis. Retrieved from https://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookPS.html
Milius, S. (2010). Green sea slug is part animal, part plant. Wired. Retrieved from http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/01/green-sea-slug/

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Describe the technology

 Biology homework help
Assignment : Gene Technology
Gene technology carries with it social and ethical implications—many of which engender personal views and discussion.
Select one (1) of the following biotechnology topics to write about:

  • Genetically modified crop plants
  • Genetically modified microorganisms
  • Genetically modified animals
  • Personal genomics and / or personalized medicine for humans
  • Gene therapy

Write a four to six (4 to 6) page paper on your chosen topic.  Organize your paper into sections corresponding to the following requirements:

  1. Biological basis. Describe the technology. Discuss what it accomplishes. Elaborate on the scientific principles that make this technology possible. Your goal in this section of the paper is to show the instructor that you understand the underlying science behind the technology. Describe how exactly the technology works. Discuss the biological principles that underlie this technology.
  2. Social and ethical implications. Without disclosing your personal view about this technology, provide an analysis of its social and ethical implications. State the ethical concerns apparent in the use of this technology. Discuss the benefits and risks. Your goal in this section is to look at all sides of the issue. In the next section, you will give your opinion.
  3. Personal viewpoint. In the previous section, your goal was to be as objective as possible, to look at all sides of the issues. In this section, your goals are to give a personal opinion about the technology and provide a justification of that opinion.
  4. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment, in addition to the course text. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources. The body of the paper must have in-text citations that correspond to the references. Integrate all sources into your paper using proper techniques of quoting, paraphrasing and summarizing, along with proper use of in-text citations to credit your sources.

 

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What, according to the authors, is a theory?

Biology homework help
AN 181 Andreatta and Ferraro
Chapter 4 Preview
DUE DATE: WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 28
NAME _________________________________ SCORE (10) ______
1. The work of medical anthropologist Patricia Omidian is described in the first part of this chapter. In addition to being able to “fulfill her employment obligations”
as an anthropologist, what else did her fluency in the local language and her
respect for local cultural norms allow her to do?
a. avoid the restrictions of the Taliban that others had to observe b. remain in Afghanistan after 9/11 c. gain anthropological insights about life in rural Afghanistan
2. What, according to the authors, is a theory? (2 pts) __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. T F Cultural Materialism relies heavily on an outsider’s (as opposed to an insider’s or native’s) perspective to reach its conclusions.
4. T F Like many social sciences (history, psychology, sociology, economics, etc.), anthropology tends to rely on one single dominant theory at a time
and does not retain elements of earlier theories.
5. Applied anthropology and ethnographic anthropology a. have developed very distinct research methodologies. b. use similar methods to conduct their research. c. are similar in that neither focuses much attention of research methods.
6. Coding interview narratives so that patterns and trends can be identified is part of which stage of field research?
a. formulating a research design b. interpreting data c. analyzing data
7. Participant-observation generally requires the anthropologist to a. begin observing a community before trying to participate in its social life. b. learn the local language fluently before working with a community. c. have most of the field data ready for analysis before participating.
8. A particularly good data-gathering technique for understanding how local people interact with their environment and with one another is
a. interviewing. b. mapping. c. document analysis.
9. T F Compared to more traditional anthropological research, applied research is somewhat less collaborative and interdisciplinary.

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