Discussion: Ethical Issues With an Aging Population

According to the CDC, “in the United States, the proportion of the population aged >65 years is projected to increase from 12.4% in 2000 to 19.6% in 2030,” (CDC, 2003, para. 2). Caring for this aging population is going to be one of the greatest challenges facing the health care industry. Not only will the number of individuals requiring care rise, but so will the cost. As poignantly stated by Crippen and Barnato, “unless we change the practice of medicine and reduce future costs, and explicitly address the ethical dilemmas we face, there may come a time when our kids simply cannot afford us” (2011, p. 128).

In this Discussion, you will examine the ethical issues that the United States and other nations must address when faced with the health care challenges of an aging population.

To prepare:

Consider the ethical aspects of health care and health policy for an aging population.

Review the Hayutin, Dietz, and Mitchell report presented in the Learning Resources. The authors pose the question, “What are the economic consequences, now and for future generations of taxpayers if we fail to adapt our policies to the changing reality of an older population?” (p. 21). Consider how you would respond to this question. In addition, reflect on the ethical decisions that arise when dispersing limited funds.

Contemplate the impact of failing to adjust policy in accordance with the changing reality of an older population.

Reflect on the ethical dilemmas that arise when determining expenditures on end-of-life health care.

Due 8/3/17

Discussion: What Can Nurses Do?

Many people, most of them in tropical countries of the Third World, die of preventable, curable diseases. . . . Malaria, tuberculosis, acute lower-respiratory infections—in 1998, these claimed 6.1 million lives. People died because the drugs to treat those illnesses are nonexistent or are no longer effective. They died because it doesn’t pay to keep them alive.

–Ken Silverstein, Millions for Viagra. Pennies for Diseases of the Poor, The Nation, July 19, 1999

Unfortunately, since 1998, little has changed. For many individuals living in impoverished underdeveloped countries, even basic medical care is difficult to obtain. Although international agencies sponsor outreach programs and corporations, and although nonprofit organizations donate goods and services, the level of health care remains far below what is necessary to meet the needs of struggling populations. Polluted water supplies, unsanitary conditions, and poor nutrition only exacerbate the poor health prevalent in these environments. Nurses working in developed nations have many opportunities/advantages that typically are not available to those in underdeveloped countries. What can nurses do to support their international colleagues and advocate for the poor and underserved of the world?

In this Discussion, you will consider the challenges of providing health care for the world’s neediest citizens, as well as how nurses can advocate for these citizens.

To prepare:

Consider the challenges of providing health care in underdeveloped countries.

Consider the factors that impact the ability of individuals in underdeveloped nations to obtain adequate health care.

Consider strategies nurses can use to advocate for health care at the global level. What can one nurse do to make a difference?

Public Health Data Collection Methods

Since the inception of public health programs, vital statistics have been a critical factor in the effort to improve sanitation and to control disease. Today, mortality and morbidity data are used more generally to study trends and differentials in all kinds of causes of death and illness. The availability of mortality and morbidity statistics for small geographic units has contributed uniquely to the value of these data for epidemiologic investigations, surveillance, and informatics.

• List and explain at least three of the five major challenges posed by current methods of collecting morbidity data with respect to data accuracy and data reliability.
• Why it is important for those collecting morbidity data to be able to ensure confidentiality for respondents, and list the legislative and administrative requirements imposed on the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) with respect to data confidentiality.
• Morbidity and mortality statistical reporting come from, in part, coded medical data transmitted through electronic data interchange (EDI) from Health Information Management Systems (HIMS) to PHIS. These data have all been standardized under HIPAA. Explain what it means to use coded data in data collections from the HIMS and/or PHIS.

Write your response in a minimum of 300–400 words, providing relevant references. Apply APA standards to citation of sources

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Content

Name: NURS_6002_Week_2_Assignment_Rubric

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     Excellent   Good   Fair   Poor       Continue developing your Academic Success and Professional Development  Plan by appending the original document you began in Week 1 to develop  the second component: academic resources and strategies. To do this:

·   Identify and describe at least three academic resources or strategies that can be applied to the MSN program.          Points Range:     23 (23%) – 25 (25%)   The response clearly identifies and  accurately describes in detail at least three academic resources or  strategies that can be applied to the MSN program.        Points Range:     20 (20%) – 22 (22%)   The response partially identifies  and partially describes at least three academic resources or strategies  that can be applied to the MSN program.        Points Range:     18 (18%) – 19 (19%)   The response vaguely identifies and  vaguely describes at least two academic resources or strategies that  can be applied to the MSN program.        Points Range:     0 (0%) – 17 (17%)   The response only vaguely and  inaccurately identifies one academic resource or strategy or the three  academic resources or strategies that can be applied to the MSN program  are vague and inaccurate, or is missing.     ·   Identify and describe at least three professional resources that  can be applied to success in the nursing practice in general or your  specialty in particular.          Points Range:     23 (23%) – 25 (25%)   The response clearly identifies and  accurately describes in detail at least three professional resources  that can be applied to success in nursing practice in general or in a  specialty.        Points Range:     20 (20%) – 22 (22%)   The response partially identifies  and partially describes at least three professional resources that can  be applied to success in nursing practice in general or in a specialty.        Points Range:     18 (18%) – 19 (19%)   The response vaguely identifies and  vaguely describes at least two professional resources that can be  applied to success in nursing practice in general or in a specialty.        Points Range:     0 (0%) – 17 (17%)   The response only vaguely and  inaccurately identifies and vaguely describes one professional resource  or the three professional resources that can be applied to success in  nursing practice in general or in a specialty are vague and inaccurate,  or is missing.     ·   Explain how you intend to use these resources, and how they might benefit you academically and professionally.          Points Range:     32 (32%) – 35 (35%)   Response clearly and thoroughly  explains in detail the intended use of these resources, including a  detailed explanation of how they might be beneficial academically and  professionally.        Points Range:     28 (28%) – 31 (31%)   Response explains the intended use  of these resources, including an explanation of how they might be  beneficial academically and professionally.        Points Range:     25 (25%) – 27 (27%)   Explanation of the intended use of  these resources, including an explanation of how they might be  beneficial academically and professionally is vague or inaccurate.        Points Range:     0 (0%) – 24 (24%)   Explanation of the intended use of  these resources, including an explanation of how they might be  beneficial academically and professionally is vague and inaccurate, or  is missing.     Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph and Sentence Structure:

Paragraphs  make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically,  and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully  focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance.  A  clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided  which delineates all required criteria.          Points Range:     5 (5%) – 5 (5%)   Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion is provided which delineates all required criteria.        Points Range:     4 (4%) – 4 (4%)   Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time.     

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.        Points Range:     3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)   Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%- 79% of the time.      

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic.        Points Range:     0 (0%) – 3 (3%)   Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time.

No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion was provided.   Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards:
Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation          Points Range:     5 (5%) – 5 (5%)   Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.        Points Range:     4 (4%) – 4 (4%)   Contains a few (1-2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.        Points Range:     3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)   Contains several (3-4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.        Points Range:     0 (0%) – 3 (3%)   Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.   Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows  correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins,  indentations, page numbers, running head, parenthetical/in-text  citations, and reference list.          Points Range:     5 (5%) – 5 (5%)   Uses correct APA format with no errors.        Points Range:     4 (4%) – 4 (4%)   Contains a few (1-2) APA format errors.        Points Range:     3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)   Contains several (3-4) APA format errors.        Points Range:     0 (0%) – 3 (3%)   Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.          Total Points: 100         

Name: NURS_6002_Week_2_Assignment_Rubric

Question Description

Donna, a twenty-one-year-old nursing student, comes to her nurse practitioner in December with a five-week history of itchy eyes and nasal congestion with watery nasal discharge. She also complains of a “tickling” cough, especially at night, and she has had episodes of repetitive sneezing. She gets frequent “colds” every spring and fall.

Physical Examination

Vital Signs: Afebrile; respiratory rate, pulse, and blood pressure all normal

Skin: Flaking erythematous rash on the flexor surfaces of both arms

Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat: Tender overmaxillary sinuses; sclera red and slightly swollen with frequent tearing; outer nares with red, irritated skin; internal nares with red, boggy, moist mucosa and one medium-sized polyp on each side; pharynx slightly erythematous, with clear postnasal drainage

Lungs: Clear to auscultation and percussion

Answer the questions about Donna and her condition and provide a pathophysiological response in the body. Examine and describe the pathophysiology associated with the possible disease.

• What is the possible disease process according to the client’s history?
• What assessment questions would be useful to ask about her medical and family history?
• What evidence suggests that Donna does not have an acute severe infection?
• If Donna has allergic rhinitis, what type of hypersensitivity reaction is involved?

Need a discussion in APA format.