CLASS: MN506 Health Policy, Ethical, and Legal Perspectives of Health Care Systems

Topic 1: Nursing Leaders as Ethical-Legal Change Agents in Health Care

In the course, you will research ethical decision-making and legal issues that influence your role as a nursing leader. Please explain how you see your role as a nursing leader making ethical-legal and moral decisions. Include what actions you plan to take to solve moral distress caused by ethical dilemmas and the values that support your actions.

Minimum of 200 words

APA Style, font 12, times new roman

3 references not older than 2012-2017

in text citations

Evidence-Based Practice  [provide definitions for a) evidence-based practice, b) quality improvement, and c) research.  Please include references using APA format.]

Describe how you would use each process (e.g. EBP, QI, and research) to address the selected quality indicator in Ambulatory Care. 

A.     Description of Clinical Problem/Situation: Nursing Turnover within the Ambulatory Care (ACS) Setting

B.     PICO Question

The following PICO question has been devised to guide this exploration of the scientific literature and other essential forms of evidence.

PICO Question Components:

      P:  [patient, population, or problem] Nurse Retention within the Ambulatory Care Setting

      I: [intervention or treatment] Factors that may positively influence retention rate

      C:  [comparison with other treatments, when warranted] Factors that may negatively influence retention rate

      O:  [outcome]  ?

Question:  What factors may positively (I) or negatively (C) impact nursing retention within the Ambulatory Care Nursing setting (P), (O)?

C.     Sources of Evidence & References [types of evidence – published, expert opions, patient preferences, etc.]

Article 1 –

Article 2 –

D.     Critical Appraisal of the Evidence [briefly describe how this was done – used the Johns Hopkins Nursing EBP criteria, provider an evidence rating for each article/evidence source used [e.g. 1A, 3C etc.]

[ex:  Each article was critically appraised using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidenced-based Practice Research criteria.  As an example, the article ……

Questions to consider – should we implement the practice recommendations? Would this change improve nurse retention outcomes? Would it improve overall unit/pavilion operations e.g. costs, workload, culture? Can the evidence be translated inn other ways e.g. policy/procedure development?

E.     Translation [would you put the evidence you appraised into practice? How would that be done? Should we implement the practice recommendations? Would this change improve our nurse retention outcomes? Would it improve overall unit/pavilion operations (e.g. costs, workload, and culture)? Can the evidence be translated in other ways (e.g. policy/procedure development)?


2 . Nursing Philosophy (from prior course) as your personal statement. It is what it is your hallmark as an Advanced Practitioner.

Example as follow:

Personal statement or philosophy statement relating to your role as an APN

Nursing is an art that can never be defined in one word or way. I remember before I decided to enroll in nursing school, I cared for an old lady through a home health agency. She kept telling me how wonderful I was to her, how patient, compassionate and always willing to assist her with her daily activities. She kept saying it is not about doing it, it is how you do it. She made me realize how much I could enjoy being a nurse and she constantly encouraged me to pursue a career in nursing.

When I enrolled in nursing school, it was not a smooth journey either because it was a very hard and demanding program but I learned a lot. It was then I realized nursing was not all about giving medication and helping someone to the bathroom. I learned about the importance of establishing rapport with a patient as soon as you assume care with them.

I challenged Practical Nursing boards and started working as a LPN before I completed my BSN program and the idea of nursing grew even more. Working as an LPN made me realized at times I may have to provide care to the family member may be a little more than the patient him/herself. I learned daily that nursing is way more than just what you learn in books and school and completing the care plan interventions.

Nursing to me is all about the relationship you establish with your patients, understanding them from their perspective. Asking them what they think is going on with their health or what has been changing in their body. I like to ask, how do you feel? What do you think? Asking these questions to my patients gives me a door to see them in a holistic manner. It helps me as a nurse to understand if their symptoms are just physical or are psychological as well. Someone may be experiencing a lot of life stressor and not eating right, or not drinking a lot of water. As a result they start experiencing a lot of headache. Instead of thinking it is a migraine and heavily medicate them. It is fair to give this person a little does of Tylenol. Encourage them to perform some relaxation exercises, eat well and drink plenty of water. I have come to learn that, food, water and our brains is what makes us or breaks us. If we think positive, we excel and do better in every aspect of our lives including our health. If we think negative them the vice versa will occur.

Another thing I learned from being a nurse is that we should always be reminded that we are advocates for our patients both verbal and nonverbal patients, but we do not have the last say. Most times we know more things related to the healthcare field compared to our patients. Our patients look at us and establish a lot of trust before you decide to do anything to them like giving them medication, sticking a  needle on them, putting them on some times of machine. They establish some kid nog trust. So we should always be willing to educate our patients on what we think is going on with them and why we are doing certain interventions on them. Advocacy also comes with utilizing the ethical principles in our nursing care like autonomy, respect, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice

 I currently work as a nurse in the emergency department, prior to that I word in medical surgical, home-health, rehab, and long term acute care. Nursing was not the same in all these areas. I took care of different kinds of patients in their different stages of life. While all was very interesting, I really love working in the Emergency room. The ER is the combination of all in one visit or sometimes in part of the visit. We do a lot of patient teaching, stabilizing, and referrals. We do not necessarily see the same patients every day, and that Is what makes me grow as a nurse. Prior to working in the ER, I never worked with the pediatric population. And I was amazed how wonderful working with all age groups can be. I am always curious and willing to learn more about nursing and wanting to do more for my patients. I decided to enroll in the Family Nurse Practitioner- Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program because I knew the program will give me all what I mentioned and more

The DNP program will not only allow me to earn the knowledge of what will make  me a great family nurse practitioner but also it has a research part that will allow me to research on the current issue related to health care and/ or the nurse practitioner role in the society. As nurse practitioners we see a lot of patients from hospital to home setting and understanding research is vital to improve the care we provide to the communities we serve. Research in nursing is what bring about evidence-based practice which is the best way of practicing our daily nursing activities.

I took a theory class in the spring 2016 when I began my DNP course and I was amazed how all the nursing theories were pretty much what makes modern nursing better today. One of my favorite theories was “the theory of goal attainment” by Dr. Imogene King. This theory talks about the importance of nurses and patients having mutual goals that will improve patients’ health (King & Fawcett, 2012). For example, if a patient comes to the ER with several symptoms, instead of only telling them this is what we are going to do and this is what you are going to do. It is best to say, this is what I think we should do and give them a chance to say what they want done and what they do not want done. This does not mean you should not explain the rationale of your interventions but allow the patients to participate in their own care by making decisions with you. This will make it easier for the both of you because you will not have to struggle trying to do something to a patient that she/he does not like or later get sued because you did something that the patient did not agree to.

The DNP class has also allowed me to learn the importance of cost effectiveness and how nurse practitioners can be more cost effective compared to primary care physicians in providing their care. Learning all this information also allows me later as a nurse practitioner to be a great mentor to staff nurses and student nurse practitioners as well. Encouraging them on the constant use of evidence-based practice during direct patient care. And explain all the whys that they may have so that they feel better and understand what they have to care for the patient(s) in a different way compared to what they are already used to base on the current evidence and research at the time.

Having all that said, I believe nursing is an art that can never be explained in one simple word. The art of nursing is fulling to both patients and nurses themselves. Being a nurse practitioner will allow me to continue to advocate for my patients and do more for them like diagnosing and treating their symptoms in a cost effective manner, adhering to the ethical principle and the holistic approach at all times. I will also continue to learn more about nursing, medicine and all the current evidence based studies to ensure I provide the best care to my patients.

                                            Reference

King, I. M., & Fawcett, J. (2012). Imogene King. interacting systems framework. [electronic resource (video)] :. Athens, OH : FITNE, 2012.

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This example has been downloaded from /giving credit to it and be used only for educational purpose: https://maryville.instructure.com/eportfolios/21286/PracticeBased_Evidence/2b_Personal_statement_or_philosophy_statement_relating_to_your_role_as_an_APN

PROS and CONS (ONE SLIDES FOR EACH ) AND REFERENCES NEDEED of  IMPACT ON COMPETENCY.

This is a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) assignment. 
In your CLC group, create a PowerPoint presentation of 10-15 slides in which you compare the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the following:

Impact on competency (THIS IS MY PART)- PROS AND CONS

Take a position with your CLC group: Should continuing nursing education be mandatory for all nurses? Support your position with rationale.
A minimum of three scholarly sources are required for this assignment. 
While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. 
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

RUBRIC:

Compare the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the impact on competency, and use the comparison to support group opinion of mandatory continuing nursing education.

Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the impact on competency, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

Compare the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the impact on knowledge and attitudes, and use the comparison to support group opinion of mandatory continuing nursing education.

Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the impact on knowledge and attitudes, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

Compare the pros and cons of continuing nursing education, as it relates to professional certification, and use the comparison to support group opinion of mandatory continuing nursing education.

Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing as it relates to professional certification, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison

Compare the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the ANA Scope and Standards of Practice, and use the comparison to support group opinion of mandatory continuing nursing education.

Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the ANA Scope and Standards of Practice, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

Compare the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the ANA Code of Ethics, and use the comparison to support group opinion of mandatory continuing nursing education.

Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the ANA Code of Ethics, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

Layout

The layout is visually pleasing and contributes to the overall message with appropriate use of headings, subheadings, and white space. Text is appropriate in length for the target audience and to the point. The background and colors enhance the readability of the text.

Language Use and Audience Awareness (includes sentence construction, word choice, etc.

The writer uses a variety of sentence constructions, figures of speech, and word choice in distinctive and creative ways that are appropriate to purpose, discipline, and scope.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

Writer is clearly in control of standard, written academic English.

Evaluating and Documenting Sources(in-text citations for paraphrasing and direct quotes, references page listing and formatting, as appropriate to assignment and style)

Title slide is complete. References section includes correctly cited sources. Correct citations are included within the body of the presentation.

Question 1

Discuss at least two implications of health care reform on the health care organization’s goals and strategic plan. How will processes and operations need to be adjusted to meet the requirements of health care reform legislation? Also list reference

Question 2

Evaluate the “Comprehensive Organizational Plan” presented by Oetjen and Rotarius. Is this model suitable for any type of health care organization? Discuss the implications of the model on the ability of health care managers to contain cost, preserve quality, and promote universal access. (see the second attachment for the comprehensive organization plan). Thanks

Q3

a case study concerning air pollution in a real-world environment. Describe the sampling site locations and particulate matter sizes sampled; list three PAH’s that were sampled. Explain how the AirmetricsMiniVol portable air sampler works. Which location in the case study had the highest average mass concentration of PM2.5? Why? What type of cooking (deep-frying, stir-frying, or boiling) results in the highest PM2.5 concentrations and thereby poses the highest health risks?

You have to create an E-Poster on what you see as the future of nursing practice and the role of nursing in the emerging health-care environment. You need to predict the future based on present evidence.

The E-Poster needs to include the following:

1. Introduction 

2. Statement of the issue

3. Evidence supporting the issue 

4. Prediction of the future role of the nurse 

5. Conclusion 

6. References: minimum of three references from peer-reviewed nursing journals (encourage the use of international journals).Articles need to be within the last 3 years unless historical.

Essentials of Nursing Leadership & Management6th Edition

Sally A. Weiss  MSN, EdD, RN, CNE, ANEFRuth M. Tappen  EdD, RN, FAAN

ISBN-13: 978-0-8036-3663-7

As you have discovered through this course, nurses are influential members of the community and the political system. Therefore, for the purposes of this assignment you will identify a problem or concern in your community, organization, etc. that has the capacity to be legislated. You will conduct research and state a proposal. Through the legislative process, your proposal for the problem or concern may influence an idea for change into a law.

First, refer to the “How a Bill Becomes a Law” media.

Then, view the “Bill to Law Process” to watch the scenario.

After viewing the scenario, refer to the “Legislative Assignment.” You will need to save the document first in order to use it.

Submit the assignment to the instructor. You also reserve the right to submit your completed proposal to the respective government official. However, this is optional. If you select to submit your proposal as a part of the legislative process, refer to “Find Your Representative” or research the contact information on your own.

APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.

You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

Preparing for the Informational Interview

Begin to prepare for this informational interview by identifying the professional you plan to interview. Ideally, the professional should be engaged in a career that you hope to pursue. (You may want to identify a second candidate in case your initial choice is unable to complete the interview with you.) This professional may work in your local area, but that is not necessary. If you cannot identify a professional easily, ask your friends and family if they know anyone who works in the field of psychology. You may also want to phone your local community mental health center or social services agency to ask for names and contact information of potential professionals you could interview. Contact your facilitator for guidance if you have difficulty in identifying someone.

Tasks
In a 1- to 2-page Microsoft Word document, address the following:

Provide the following identifying information about the individual you have selected:

The name
The job title (licensed psychologist, social worker, or case manager)
The level of education (a bachelor’s, master’s, or doctoral degree)
A description of job responsibilities or day-to-day tasks
The type of license, if applicable
The state of residence and practice
The e-mail address or phone number

Develop a list of at least fifteen questions to ask in your informational interview. Research possible questions to include using the Argosy University online library resources and the Internet. Refer to the Job Resources document to conduct an Internet search using the search terms “informational interview questions” in order to find suggested questions. Be sure to put them into your own words for the purpose of this assignment and to give credit to your source by using in-text citations and a reference list in APA format.
Ask the interviewee about his or her work, academic preparation, and advice. In addition, include the interviewee’s answers to questions on the following topics:

The experience, skills, and knowledge necessary for success in a career in psychology or in graduate school
Relevant professional organizations
His or her views on professional ethics and academic integrity
The role of psychological research in his or her work
His or her greatest challenges and rewards
His or her reasons for choosing the field

Develop a script (word-for-word written statement) that you will use during the warm-up (meet-and-greet) portion of the interview. What will you say to the interviewee when you meet him or her? What will you do? For example, will you shake the person’s hand and introduce yourself? Include small talk of a professional nature that will serve as an introduction and explanation of the purpose of the interview. Demonstrate in your script your ability to interact professionally and effectively in a professional environment.
This assignment is preparatory work for the interview to be conducted later in this course. Do not conduct the interview for this assignment.

Submission Details:

Write a 1–2-page paper in Microsoft Word format. Apply APA standards to cite sources. 

  This is an example of what I need!

Informational Interview
Dr. Robin Brooks is a Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW) and consultant at LSU Health Sciences Centre in Louisiana. She is also the founder and director of the ‘Putting the pieces together’ Behavioral Health Services (BHS) at LSU. Dr. Robin Brooks is a Ph.D. holder in Behavioral Health from Arizona State University, with over eleven years’ experience in the field. In his routine task, Dr. Brooks oversees developing treatment plans for all his patients, leading the therapy sessions, monitoring patient recovery, along with providing patient care and intervening upon crisis. Dr. Robin can be contacted directly in his LinkedIn bio or even contacted using the med facility administrative number +1504-568-4808 or street address number 433 Bolivar or on LinkedIn (linkedin.com/in/dr-robin-brooks-dbh-lmsw-b1891053).
The primary reason for having the interview with Dr. Robin Brooks is to inquire his insights into a field of study I am passionate to join. I believe that information derived from the interview will be an eye-opener in encouraging me to excel as a future professional mental health counselor. Besides, I am motivated to play a part in alleviating the rising problem of increasing population of mentally challenged people in my society, considering that I also lost close relative due to such state of health (Donaldson et al., 2014). 
Questions
Some of the fifteen questions I had drafted before-hand for the interview with Mr. Brooks in understanding the profession seek to inquire about:
1. Why did you choose the profession and what did you like in the profession? 
2. Some of your challenging encounters as a BHS specialist? 
3. Some of the memorable experience during your career?
4. What number of cases have you intervened and how many do you handle daily?
5. Which is the most intriguing case you have ever handled?
6. What other identified elements of work exposure that should be emphasized during classroom learning?
7. What other qualifications are important for new graduates joining in the field?
8. What are some of the ideal professional bodies you would recommend to students seeking to nature their career?
9. What are your motivation/ drive for working as a mental health specialist?
10. What overall accomplishment/ satisfaction does an individual achieve from being a BHS specialist?
11. What is your take about online degree and on-campus degree for the course?
12. What impact does the job has on one’s personal life?
13. What are your views regarding the level of professionalism and integrity that goes along with the job?
14. What other areas of majors are available for students pursuing this field?
15. What is your general take about the profession, and what is your advice to any student seeking to join the profession? 
Interview Script
In commencing the interview, it is essential that the formalities of engagement be prioritized to facilitate a smooth discussion. Therefore, in my discussion, it will be important that I introduce myself with civility by first gesturing for the greeting (along with the hallway or pavement) before introducing myself and my purpose for visit. However, if in the office I would knock before proceeding with the introduction formalities. After which, I will ask for the interviewee consent to have a face-to-face interview, including other acknowledgments of how I seek to achieve the interview purpose (Crosby, 2014). 
For example, “greeting Madam? My name is XXX, a final year student at Argosy University pursuing my degree as a social worker. We did communicate a week ago where you booked me an appoint today.” If she consents me to take a sit I will then proceed with the purpose of my invite. “I am glad to have joined you today and hoping to benefit much from your insights about life as a licensed professional social worker in the field”. Also, the interviewer must acknowledge the interviewee for his participation in the interview both through formal acknowledgement and a thank you note. For example, “thank you ones again for your time and patience, I am very grateful to be in your presence and for sharing in detail. I look forward to meet you again in future, all the best in your career and bye.” Generally, it is important to conduct self diligently to enhance the cordial relationship and atmosphere important to encouraging a good interaction platform (Crosby, 2014). Also, it is essential that the interviewer asks for permission all the time when seeking to include other instruments for the interview, or when seeking clarity. Good communication etiquette is paramount to the success of an interview process (Crosby, 2014).

The purpose of this assignment is to have you incorporate your new knowledge on nursing theory into your personal philosophy. You must use the template provided and utilize APA format for this assessment. In-text citations, grammar, spelling and sentence structure along with appropriate APA format will be evaluation for your grade. Re-read your paper carefully and make sure that your have addressed all areas on the rubric.

Here’s a list of the 5 nursing theorist.. Choose one for the paper!

Nightingale, Watson, Erickson, Neuman and Roy.

And I also posted the template below!!

Using the course readings, articles, and your personal experiences, address the role of human resource management.
Write a six to eight (6-8) page paper in which you: Determine key roles that human resource management plays in the healthcare field. Evaluate three to five (3-5) functions of human resource management in terms of their level of support to the healthcare field, and then select which one you believe is the primary function in furthering the healthcare field. Analyze the role of human resource management in an organization’s strategic plan.

Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment.  Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.

Q2

The Affordable Care Act was signed into law by President Barack Obama in March 2010. Many of the provisions of the law directly affect health care providers. Review the following topic materials:

Key Features of the Affordable Care Act
Health Care Transformation: the Affordable Care Act and More

What are the most important elements of the Affordable Care Act in relation to community and public health? What is the role of the nurse in implementing this law?