Controversy surrounding the treatment of substance abuse disorders with other substances extends from the most basic to the philosophical. Some health care providers focus on the removal of all substances to address the addiction and argue that complete abstinence is the only real option. They believe that no medications should be given (except to save one’s life) during treatment for substance abuse. Many mental health professionals, particularly in America, hold these views. In contrast to removing all substances, others focus on the ability of the client to function. Many programs support the belief that addicts can live normal lives with controlled use of substances.
How do these opposing views in the treatment of addiction clients affect the addiction mental health practice? How does the mental health professional working with addiction prepare and support the mental health care team and the client? How do programs like the 12-step Narcotics Anonymous program compare with other approaches as far as research results?
For this Discussion, select a medication used in treating substance abuse disorders. Then, conduct a search for any controversy surrounding the use of this medication in treating substance abuse disorders and prepare to defend its use.
Post 
A description of the major actions, intended effects, and side effects of your selected medication.
Explain controversy surrounding the use of this medication in treating substance abuse disorders. 
Defend the effective use of this medication and support your defense with evidence from the Learning Resources or from your personal research.

Case Study

A 40 year old woman presents with fatigue. She reports feeling ‘very run down’ for the past three months.  She has no interest in participating in her usual activities and sporting events. She reports sleeping problems and low appetite. She is constantly feeling low and has frequent crying spells.
Her physical examination is normal and thyroid function is normal.
She is diagnosed with major depression and is referred for counseling and started on fluoxetine.

Assignment Questions

  1. What is the mechanism of action of fluoxetine?
  2. Why is fluoxetine the drug of choice?
  3. What are the side effects of fluoxetine?
  4. What are the risks of abruptly discontinuing fluoxetine?

Instructions 

  • Prepare and submit a 3-4 page paper [total] in length (not including APA format).
  • Answer all the questions above.
  • Support your position with examples.
  • Please review the rubric to ensure that your assignment meets criteria.
  • Submit the following documents to the Submit Assignments/Assessments area:
    • Case Study: Antidepressants

NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
NUR 641E Week 1 DQ 1 and 2 
Find an article on a genetic disorder and summarize in two or three paragraphs the genetic component causing the disorder and any multifactorial inheritance components that may contribute to the disorder. Discuss the usual age of disease onset and if the sex-specific threshold model fits the disorder. What education could you present to high-risk patients to reduce the risk of disease onset if a multifactorial component exists?
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Dq2 
Genetic screening has become widely available to the public including prenatal screening of the fetus in utero to screening adults for genetic disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease and breast cancer. Share your thoughts on the legal, ethical, and social implications that may be related to genetic screening. How would you educate your patient that is considering having genetic screening? NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
NUR 641E Week 2 DQ 1 and 2
DQ 1
Choose an FDA-approved prescription medication and discuss the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the medication, including any differences that would be expected based on the patient’s age, a condition of pregnancy, or lactation. Address any adverse effects the medication may have based on age, pregnancy, or lactation. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
DQ2
Active acquired immunity can be achieved through the use of childhood immunizations. Many parents voice concerns regarding the safety of vaccinations. What is your opinion on the current use of vaccinations? How would you educate parents regarding the safety and effectiveness of vaccinations? Defend your answers with evidence-based research.
NUR 641E Week 3 Dq 1 and dq 2
DQ1
Share a case study of an electrolyte imbalance from your practice or from the literature. Summarize the case study in 1-2 paragraphs. Then discuss the clinical manifestations of the imbalance, the pathophysiology behind the imbalance, normal cell membrane transport of the electrolyte(s), and any alterations in cell membrane transport caused by the imbalance. How was the electrolyte imbalance resolved? Analyze the case study to determine any areas in which patient or staff education may have helped to prevent the electrolyte imbalance. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators.
Use at least three scholarly, peer-reviewed resources less than 5 years old in addition to course materials
DQ2 
A widespread belief is that caffeine has a diuretic effect when consumed and will induce dehydration if used by athletes or those who perform strenuous exercise. Discuss the pathophysiology behind this belief. Share your thoughts on whether you agree or disagree that caffeine can induce dehydration. Support your answer with evidence-based literature. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
NUR 641E Week 4 DQ 1 and DQ 2
Compare and contrast the pathophysiology between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumococcal pneumonia. Include any types of cellular injury or cellular adaptation that may occur. Evaluate if an inflammatory response is present and discuss the impact of that response. In the case of COPD, discuss the type of patient education you would implement to help with the patient’s understanding of the disease and to improve compliance with a treatment plan. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
DQ 2
Find an evidence-based journal article on cystic fibrosis and summarize the article in one or two paragraphs. Address why you chose the article and how you might use the findings in your current or future practice setting.
NUR 641E Week 5 DQ 1 and DQ 2
DQ 1
Atherosclerosis is a common disorder of the arteries. A modifiable risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis is hypertension. Discuss the pathophysiology of both disorders and the mechanisms by which hypertension contributes to atherosclerosis. Discuss the current medications used to treat both disorders and the pharmacologic actions the medications have in altering the pathophysiology. How can you use this information in your current or future practice setting? NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
DQ2
Share a case from your personal practice or from the literature in which alternative therapies were used to facilitate the management of acute or chronic cardiovascular conditions.
NUR 641E Week 6 DQ 1 and DQ 2
DQ1
Find an article on an inflammatory condition of the lower genitourinary tract. Summarize the article in one or two paragraphs. Discuss the pathophysiology of the condition, the pharmacologic agent(s) used to treat the condition, and how the agent(s) alter the pathophysiology. Discuss the role of the nurse educator related to patient education of the reported condition and treatment.
Respond to another student’s posting on an inflammatory condition that is different from the condition you posted, comparing and contrasting the differences between the conditions.
DQ 2
Infertility is considered a disease process of the reproductive tract.  Find an article on an alteration of the genital tract that can lead to infertility.  Summarize the article in two or three paragraphs. Discuss any potential treatments.  What is the potential psychosocial impact for the patient with the condition?
NUR 641E Week 7 DQ 1 and DQ 2
Review the following case study:
Chief Complaint:
A 23-year-old woman presents with complaints of muscle weakness in the face.
History:
The patient is a 23-year-old administrative assistant who complains of intermittent muscle weakness in her face that has been getting worse over the past 3 months. She also states that as she chews, her jaws feel tired. Swallowing has also become difficult. She reports episodes of double vision (diplopia), which seems to occur after reading for a few minutes in the late evening. With certain strenuous activities or after typing for long periods of time at work, she reports problems with bilateral arm weakness. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
Physical Examination:
Notable ptosis (drooping) of the eyelids after repeated blinking exercises. When asked to smile, she appears to be snarling. Reflexes and sensation are normal in both upper and lower extremities. There is considerable weakness of the arms noted bilaterally after exercise.
Case Questions:

  1. Is the patient’s condition neurological, musculoskeletal, or both? Explain why and support your thoughts with evidence-based literature. What would be a possible neurologic or musculoskeletal condition causing the symptoms?

2.Explain the pathophysiology behind the condition.
3.What pharmacological agent(s) are commonly used to treat the disorder and how do the agent(s) alter the pathophysiology of the condition?
4.What would be your educational plan for the patient?
DQ 2 
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The current treatment options for the disorder have focused on symptom control. Research is now focusing on developing ways to modify the disease progression and possibly provide a cure. Investigate the current research on Parkinson’s disease treatments, including stem-cell research and the use of fetal tissue implants. Share your thoughts on the evolving therapies. What are the current controversies? NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
NUR 641E Week 8 DQ 1 and DQ 2
DQ 1
Share a case study from your clinical practice or from the literature on an endocrine disorder. Discuss the pathophysiology of the disorder, including the effects on the endocrine feedback system, and the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Identify the pharmacologic agent(s) used to treat the disorder and how the pharmacologic agent(s) alters the pathophysiology. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
DQ2 
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is currently being used as an aid to weight loss in conjunction with an extremely restricted caloric intake of 500 calories per day. Many people are buying the HCG through the Internet with no medical surveillance. Research the HCG diet and share your thoughts on the efficacy, safety, and validity of the diet. What strategies would you use to educate patients on the diet? NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
                     
NUR 641E Week 2 Patient Educational Flyer
Design a 1-2 page patient education flyer/pamphlet for an alternative medicine/herbal product.
Describe the product, its intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues (risks and benefits of using an alternative medication/herbal product versus a prescription medication).
The flyer should include at least two community and/or online resources for the patient to obtain more information.NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.
NUR 641E Week 3 Acid-Base Case Study Paper
Read the “Resource 1: Case Study.” Read below
Answer the questions at the end of the case study in a paper of 750-1,000 words.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
Case Study =
A 22-year-old woman reports being “sick with the flu” for the past 8 days. She is vomiting several times every day, having difficulty keeping liquids or food down, and has been using more than the recommended dose of antacids in an attempt to calm the nausea. She has become severely dehydrated. After fainting at home, she was taken to a local hospital. An arterial blood gas sample was drawn and then an IV was placed to help rehydrate her. The arterial blood gas revealed the following:
Test                                  Result                                 Normal levels
pH                                            7.5                                    7.35 – 7.45
PaCO2                                       40 mm Hg                  35-45 mm Hg
PaO2                                 95 mm Hg                  80-100 mm Hg
SaO2                         97%                           95-100%
HCO3-                                     32 meq/liter                22-26 meq/liter
How would you classify the patient’s acid-base disturbance and explain why?
Given the case study, what are the possible factors causing this acid-base disturbance? Explain the pathophysiology created by these factors.
How would the renal and respiratory systems try to compensate for this acid-base disturbance?
What pharmacologic intervention is commonly used to correct this acid-base disturbance? Describe the pharmacological actions.
Describe the educational needs for this patient and what your approach will be.
NUR 641E Week 4 Patient Interview Paper
Interview a patient with a chronic pulmonary health condition who is on at least two medications.
In a 1,350-1,600-word paper, discuss the following:

  1. Obtain a complete health history.
  2. Obtain a complete medication history, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs or supplements.
  3. Analyze the client’s current knowledge level of medications and compliance with the prescribed dosing and administration.
  4. For each medication, identify the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dose, route of administration, side effects, adverse reactions, any drug interactions, potential safety issues, and the impact on the client’s health status.
  5. Formulate possible interventions related to lack of drug efficacy, lack of client knowledge, or client compliance issues as identified during the interview.

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
NUR 641E Week 5
(CLC – Staff In-Service Presentation – Part 1) This is a group assignment. I will instruct the writer as to which part I am assigned to do.
Develop a PowerPoint presentation with complete speaker notes for a staff in-service on the pathophysiology and pharmacologic agents for a select disease process. The total maximum number of slides is 30 (Parts 1 and 2 combined). Your group may determine how to divide the number of slides between Parts 1 and 2.
Each CLC will choose one disease process to present from the following list with the instructor’s approval:
1.Alzheimer’s disease. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators.
2.Asthma
3.Diabetes Type 2
4.Epilepsy
5.Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
6.Hypertension
7.Hypothyroidism
8.Multiple sclerosis
9.Peptic ulcer disease
10.Tuberculosis.
Part 1 of the presentation will focus on the physiology and pathophysiology of the disease, clinical manifestations, and evaluation (e.g., labs, imaging).
Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators.
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NUR 641E Week 6 Commercial Critique Paper
In a 1,200-1,500-word NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators paper:
1.Critique a TV or radio commercial, an Internet advertisement, or a print advertisement from a nonprofessional journal/magazine related to an FDA-regulated prescription drug for a gastrointestinal disorder.
2.Critique a TV or radio commercial, an Internet advertisement, or a print advertisement from a nonprofessional journal/magazine related to a non-FDA-regulated over-the-counter medication/herbal for a gastrointestinal (GI) disorder.
Include a description of the pathophysiology of the GI disorder and how the medication/herbal alters that pathophysiology.
Compare and contrast the two commercials, including their stated use of medication/herbal, patient safety issues, analysis of company claims for any drug benefits. Substantiate your thoughts and ideas with evidence-based research/articles.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
NUR 641E Week 8 CLC – Staff In-Service Presentation – Part 2
This is a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) assignment. This is a group assignment. I will instruct the writer as to which part of the assignment I am assigned.
Part 2 of the presentation will focus on the pharmacologic treatment of the disease, including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug interactions, side effects, adverse reactions, and application of the nursing process in monitoring the drug therapy.
Part 2 will also include the development of a creative patient education tool for the staff to use to assist in increasing patient knowledge of medications and medication compliance. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators
The total maximum number of slides is 30 (Parts 1 and 2 combined).
An abstract is not required.
Part 2 Class Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators: Power Point for Staff In-Service. NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators.
(Part 2 focuses on the pharmacologic treatment of the Alzheimer’s disease)
Please include speaker notes with all slides and references (journals preferably)!!!!

  • Focus on the pharmacologic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease/ Drug InteractionsSide EffectsAdverse Reactions (5-6 slides). Since it is 6 slides you can do two slides for each underlined section.

NUR 641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators

This task relates to a sequence of assessments that will be repeated across Chapters 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. Select any example of a visualisation or infographic, maybe your own work or that of others. The task is to undertake a deep, detailed ‘forensic’ like assessment of the design choices made across each of the five layers of the chosen visualisation’s anatomy. In each case your assessment is only concerned with one design layer at a time.
For this task, take a close look at the interactivity choices:

  1. Start by identifying all the interactive features deployed, listing them under the headers of either data or presentation adjustments
  2. How suitable are the choices and deployment of these interactive features? If they are not, what do you think they should have been?
  3. Go through the set of ‘Influencing factors’ from the latter section of the book’s chapter to help shape your assessment and to possibly inform how you might tackle this design layer differently
  4. Also, considering the range of potential interactive features and functions, what would you do differently or additionally?

Assignment Link: http://book.visualisingdata.com/chapter/chapter-7

ournal response. In Weeks 3-7 you were directed to keep a professional work journal (Please refer to Week 2 for a review of instructions). Now you will review your work journal entries and arrange some of them into an essay. The essay will reflect upon those five (5) weeks of experiences recorded in your journal and what you have learned.  Include how they may have furthered your career or caused you to rethink your career goals.  Your essay should include your experiences, observations, and the key concepts based on the internship and business course experience. The CLA 1 assignment will be a Turnitin paper of 4 to 6 pages.
Your paper should be formatted in APA style. Include at least two (2) peer-reviewed sources related to course material taken in your academic program and scholarly journals.
Reminder About Journaling: Whether you want to be able to look back at where you started, set a future state for yourself and seek a new path, or just deal with present issues, journaling helps you do that in a reflective way. You need not write every day. Journaling gives you a place to better understand yourself, to plan your goals, and to follow-up on goals. One pitfall of journaling is that it can become part of a log of your feelings for any one day and you want to avoid these types of emotional responses.

CS Discussion

Please write at least 75 words PER question, and at least ONE citation and reference PER question.
1. Discuss how the Affordable Care Act and Patient’s Bill of Rights protect patients and health care professionals. What areas of the Affordable Care Act would you change and why?
2. Adhering to HIPAA regulations to maintain confidentiality is an important rule of compliance regulation to follow concerning computerized medical clinic settings. Discuss patient confidentiality related to a computerized medical clinic. What violations could occur within a computer medical clinic setting, and what would you do to correct the violations?
3. Discuss four purposes of medical records. Based on the four purposes you listed, what could cause a patient to lose trust in the medical clinic? How would you address the issue?
4. Discuss different types of Medical Documents and their purpose. If you were given the opportunity to make changes to medical documents to enhance the patient’s experience with electronic health records, what would the changes be and why?
5. Discuss four types of insurance coverage and give example of benefit coverages and the cost of plans. Of the four different types of coverage, which plan would you select, and why?
6. Discuss third-party privacy, security, and compliance guidelines that affect medical coding, and list examples. What errors can occur within security and compliance guidelines. Would you report the errors? If yes, please list why, and what outcome you would expect to see from reporting the errors.
7. Most insurance contracts require providers to bill insurance companies before billing patients, with the exception of co-payments. What process can you implement as the billing and collections specialist to ensure payment is collection from patients? Explain how you would implement the process.
Paper requirements: Label each part above with a Level 1 heading; paper should be 1250 words minimum with at least 3 scholarly sources and the textbook.

  • First, describe the data gathered on your client for each of the 7 assessments; it should be clearly documented in detail in your paper.
  • Also, interpret the findings according to pathophysiologic disease states and then choose ONE physiologic abnormality found and discuss possible pathophysiologic reasons for the abnormality related to a holistic basis. How does this abnormality impact the other areas of the patient’s life, especially those areas discussed in this course?
  • Next, discuss the client’s stress and coping mechanisms.  Are they healthy?  What improvements could be made?
  • Finally, create a teaching plan that addresses the client holistically.  Describe at least one client goal for each of the categories (physical, psychological, social, cultural, developmental, and spiritual).  AND answer: How would you teach the client about each goal?  How would you evaluate your teaching?

ONLY NEEDED THE POWER POINT
PPT requirements: Develop a Power Point presentation as if you were teaching your client the above to address and meet the goals listed in the teaching portion of the paper. You should have at least 6 slides (one for each type of goal – physical, psychological, social, cultural, developmental, and spiritual), in addition to the title slide, obj slide, and references slide (so that is a minimum total of 9 slides).  Please be sure to have at least one scholarly source used and cited in the PPT.

  • Again, the Power Point presentation should be developed for your client as if you were going to teach them the information above (so pretend I am your client and teach me as if you are presenting to them :)). Remember all the rules for a professional APA PPT!
  • Review the information on just culture presented in the Learning Resources.
  • For this discussion, you will use the Regulatory Decision Pathway found in Russell, K. A. & Radtke, B. K. (2014).
  • Examine an adverse event at the unit level in your organization or one with which you are familiar and apply the Regulatory Decision Pathway.
  • Compare the findings of the Regulatory Decision Pathway  to what actually happened at the unit in your organization. Was the event deemed: bad intent, reckless, at risk, or human error? According to the pathway, do you now think it was the correct action?
  • Think about how a nurse leader–manager may use just culture as a framework to create or maintain a focus on accountability and outcomes throughout a group. What actions could be taken if a systems–related error was made or if an error resulted from risky behavior?
  • How might role conflict and/or ambiguity have contributed to the situation?

By Day 3

Post a description of an adverse event in your organization and your analysis of the issue using the Regulatory Decision Pathway. Explain how role conflict or ambiguity might have influenced this situation. Apply the principles of just culture as you explain how you, as the group’s manager, would handle the situation.

Imagine that county commissioners of a large metropolitan area believe that it is important to develop leaders at all levels of the various criminal justice agencies for which they provide oversight. Because of your experience, education, and publication history, you have been appointed by the County Commission to an advisory board for the Criminal Justice Training Council. The role of this advisory board is to provide recommendations for training focused on developing future criminal justice leaders in county-wide agencies. County commissioners want to know how to develop leaders, what topics should be included in training regimens, and what skills are required for criminal justice executives. They also want to break down barriers between the various agencies, and believe cross training may help to improve relationships.
For this Discussion, review this week’s resources or conduct your own research to develop your recommendations.
ASSIGNMENT:  an Executive Summary (single spaced, no more than three pages) of an advisory board report for the county commissioners. Focusing on development of criminal justice leaders in county-wide agencies, include recommendations for training topics, necessary skill development, and methods to improve interagency understanding and cooperation.
RESOURCES
 

Haberfeld, M. R. (2013). Police leadership: Organizational and managerial decision making process (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 8, “Doing Things Right or Doing the Right Thing: Contingency Theory” (pp. 97–111)

Eggers, J., & Geaither, R. (2012, February). Credibility, commitment and dialogue: Cornerstones of leadership. Corrections Today, 74(1), 84–85.

Schafer, J. A. (2010). Effective leaders and leadership in policing: Traits, assessment, development, and expansion. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 33(4), 644–663.

Jensen, C., & Graves, M. Bureau of Justice Assistance, Law Enforcement Forecasting Group, (2013). Leading our most important resource: Police personnel issues in the year 2020. Retrieved from website: https://www.bja.gov/Publications/LEFGPolicePersonnelIssues.pdf
Executive Summary (pp. i–iv)

Using MLA format and scholarly article, please answer the following questions. Please no plagiarsm.

  1. Compare and contrast acute pain and chronic pain in the pediatric patient
  2. Distraction involves having the child focus on another stimulus. Identify 5 methods of distraction for the pediatric patient
  3. Identify 2 indications for the use of EMLA cream on the pediatric patient
  4. Describe  the 5 different pain scales for infants and children. What are the  benefits to using the same pain assessment tool when evaluating pain in  the pediatric patient
  5. Identify  3 behavioral characteristics associated with pain in the infant and 3  physiological characteristics associated with pain in the infant and  child