Benner identifies Virginia Henderson as a significant early influence on her nursing career (Benner & Wrubel, 1989). Benner’s earlier work relating to expert nursing practice investigated the progression of skill acquisition for nurses based on the skill acquisition theory developed by philosopher Hubert Dreyfus and his brother, mathematician and systems analyst Stuart Dreyfus (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1980). It is important to clarify that Benner has consistently referred to this model as the “Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition.” Benner, rather than developing a model of skill acquisition, merely validated and extended the existing Dreyfus model to exemplify the process of skill acquisition in nursing. In addition, much of Benner’s writing is the result of collegial effort. For the sake of preventing redundancy, general references contained in this chapter to Benner’s work must be assumed to refer to Benner and colleagues.
Benner served as project director for the Achieving Methods of Intrapersonal Consensus, Assessment and Evaluation project from 1979 through 1981. This project was designed to identify differences between beginning and expert nurses’ clinical performance and situational appraisals (Benner, 1984/2001). A sample of 21 pairs of nurses in a preceptor relationship (newly graduated nurse and expert) was examined using an interpretive phenomenological method and structured using the Dreyfus Skill Acquisition Model (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1980). The pairs were interviewed separately and asked to describe a clinical incident that they had in common to determine if there were differences in the descriptions, indicating differing perceptions and approaches. In addition to the 21 pairs, 51 experienced nurses selected by administrators as being highly skilled, 11 new graduates, and five senior nursing students were interviewed (individual and small group) and/or observed to identify characteristics of performance in other skill levels of nurses. Six hospitals were represented. The results of this study are reported in From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Clinical Nursing Practice (FNE). Findings indicated discernable differences in skill level between novices, advanced beginners, and competent, proficient, and expert nurses. Narrative descriptions were interpreted, and 31 nursing competencies were identified. These competencies were further examined and classified into seven domains of nursing practice. The information presented in FNE regarding skill acquisition domains of nursing practice provides a structure for later works in that frequent reference is made to the differences between inexperienced and expert nursing in terms of concepts such as critical thinking, intuition, and ethical agency.
While the levels of skill acquisition along with the related competencies and domains of nursing practice identified in FNE are frequently used as a framework for practice and education, Benner did not state an intent to develop an interpretive theory until the publication of Primacy of Caring (Benner & Wrubel, 1989). Here, Benner and Wrubel comment on the limitations of existing nursing theories in capturing the essential human issues that are central to nursing. They state, “A theory is needed that describes, interprets, and explains not an imagined ideal of nursing, but actual expert nursing as it is practiced day by day” (p. 5) with a goal to “make visible the hidden significant work of nursing as a caring practice” (p. xi). Benner and Wrubel note, “This book is devoted to an interpretive theory of nursing practice as it is concerned with helping people to cope with the stress of illness” (p. 7).
Primacy of Caring (Benner & Wrubel, 1989) contains further development of the distinguishing features of expert nurses begun in FNE as well as a description of the primary role of caring in nursing practice. Expert nursing practice, as presented in that work, is based on caring at multiple levels of practice. Caring is defined as a “basic way of being in the world” (p. xi) and nursing as a “caring practice whose science is guided by the moral art and ethics of care and responsibility” (p. xi). The descriptions contained in Primacy of Caring relate to the primacy of caring as a significant factor in stress and coping, nursing practice, and illness outcome. Expert nursing care is described related to specific situations such as chronic illness, cancer, and neurological illness. In addition, Benner discusses caregiving from a feminist perspective in her chapter on coping with caregiving.
Benner, Tanner, and Chesla (1996) present the findings of a study conducted between 1990 and 1996 in Expertise in Nursing Practice: Caring, Clinical Judgment, and Ethics (ENP). This work extended the original data of earlier studies. An additional 130 critical care nurses representing eight hospitals were interviewed in small groups, with 48 of those nurses individually interviewed and observed in practice. Benner states, “From this original study, we developed an ethnography of the practice of critical care nurses” (Benner, Hooper-Kyriakides, & Stannard, 1999, p. 6). ENP devotes several chapters to application of this information for improvement of nurse–physician relationships and implications for nursing education and administration.
Benner et al. (1999) published Clinical Wisdom and Interventions in Critical Care: A Thinking-in-Action Approach (CWICC) based on the findings of Phase 2 of the previously described study. Conducted between 1996 and 1997, Phase 2 extended the critical care focus to an additional 75 nurses working in a wide variety of critical care areas as well as advanced practice nurses. This book gives insight into the development of expert critical care nurses’ ability to grasp a problem intuitively and plan ahead when in familiar clinical situations as well as excellent examples of Benner’s nonlinear concept of nursing process. The work identified two habits of thought and actions of expert critical care nurses: (a) clinical grasp and clinical inquiry and (b) clinical forethought. In addition, nine domains of critical care nursing practice with nursing competencies specific to the critical care setting were delineated. Implications for the educational strategies to foster development of expertise are presented in CWICC.
>Environmental science homework help
UncategorizedStep 1: Conduct a baseline assessment Your baseline sustainability assessment is based on the results of three calculators: ecological footprint calculator, OSU carbon calculator, and a water footprint calculator (links below). This first step of conducting a baseline assessment of current environmental, social, and economic impacts occurs at the start of any sustainability planning process. In this assignment, you will apply basic project planning skills to developing your personal plan for a minimal footprint.
Explore the data. Calculate your three footprints. Follow the links and go through all of the steps of the three footprint calculators. Save your results to include in your assessment.
1. Display and analyze data to explain at least two findings for each calculator. Include data and visuals of your footprint results to illustrate your baseline assessment, such as pie charts and other displays of data. Critically analyze the results of your footprint calculations based on the context of your life and the main systems on which you depend (transportation, waste, energy, etc).
a. Ecological Footprint: Be sure to include the graphic showing your footprint by land type and consumption category, in addition to your overall footprint data
b. Carbon Footprint: Be sure to include the graphic showing your footprint by category compared to the US average (graph titled Results), in addition to your overall footprint data
c. Water Footprint: Be sure to include the graphic showing your Indoor, Outdoor and Virtual water footprints, in addition to your overall footprint data
Step 2: Reflect on your role within larger systems
Consider the following question and response embedded in the results page of the global footprint calculator.
“Why can’t I get my Footprint score within the means of one planet?”
“A person’s Ecological Footprint includes both personal and societal impacts. The Footprint associated with food, mobility, and goods is easier for you to directly influence through lifestyle choices. However, a person’s Footprint also includes societal impacts or “services,” such as government assistance, roads and infrastructure, public services, and the country’s military. All citizens are allocated their share of these societal impacts. This is why, if we want to achieve sustainability, we need to focus on both our own lifestyle as well as influencing our governments.”
It is important to reflect our role in the systems that we inhabit, including how those systems limit our choices and how we can create broader impacts within those systems.
a. Explain how your footprint is impacted by systems and factors outside of the direct control of your decision-making.
b. Consider social impacts and influences. Address how your social connections may impact your lifestyle choices. How have you been influenced by the people and social norms in your life? Do you feel knowledgeable and empowered to make sustainable change?
c. Consider your sphere of influence. How do you influence the people and systems in your life? Provide some concrete examples of how you can impact specific people or systems around you.
Step 3: Create a Personal Sustainability Action Plan. Establish goals and indicators to address your six key findings identified in step 1. Since the footprint assessments are focused primarily on the environmental dimension with a strong economic component, I would also like you to create two goals and indicators to address your impacts on the social dimension specifically.
Here you are to establish “S.M.A.R.T.” goals and indicators (use template attached below) to reduce your footprint. Establish S.M.A.R.T. goals to address the aspects of your lifestyle that are most impactful on the planet based on what you learned from the calculators. For each impact identified above, create SMART goals designed to reduce specific impacts identified in the calculators. SMART goals are defined as goals that are specific (S), measurable (M), achievable (A), results-focused (R), and time-bound (T).
For step 3 use the Create a Personal Sustainability Action Plan table (template), it is attached to the file.
There are not
Please do the ecological footprint or water footprint
>English homework help
Uncategorizedcan help me to finish this assignment with good quality and be on time please?
Please follow the instructor carefully. There are draft and outline files attached below.
You are expected to answer all the questions base on the topic, outline and draft.
Short answer to questions 1-7 and write about 4 to 5 sentences to each question. whole paragraph for each 8 and 9 question.
Topic: Will Robots reduce or Increase Human Employment Opportunities?
Now you have a topic in mind,
1.what kind of public conversation is/has been occurring related to this topic–what is being said AND in what spaces/locations (news, social media, academic research, etc.)?
2.What do you think most of your audience already knows about your topic?
3.How will you make the speeches relevant and interesting to the class?
4.What are terms or concepts do the audience need to understand about your topic?
5.Who do you think is impacted by this topic/issue/controversy?
6.What are the different opinions, positions or perspectives people have on this topic (objectively, what is an opposing viewpoint from your own?)
7. What do you want the audience to do after watching your speech?
8. What is your FINAL proposed topic choice?
9.What is your backup FINAL proposed topic choice?
Nursing homework help
UncategorizedNurses can play a very important role assessing program/policy evaluation for the same reasons that they can be so important to program/policy design. Nurses bring expertise and patient advocacy that can add significant insight and impact. In this Assignment, you will practice applying this expertise and insight by selecting an existing healthcare program or policy evaluation and reflecting on the criteria used to measure the effectiveness of the program/policy.
To Prepare:
The Assignment: (2–3 pages)
Based on the program or policy evaluation you selected, complete the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template. Be sure to address the following:
Submit your completed healthcare program/policy evaluation analysis.
Which philosophy/conceptual framework/theory/middle-range theory describes nursing in the way you think about it?
UncategorizedAssignment 2: Personal Philosophy of Nursing
In a 6- to 7-page paper in APA format describe your personal approach to professional nursing practice. Be sure to address the following:
· Use this APA Citation Helper as a convenient reference for properly citing resources.
· This handout will provide you the details of formatting your essay using APA style.
· You may create your essay in this APA-formatted template.
Biology And Technology In The Real World
Nursing HomeworksEssay: Biology And Technology In The Real World
Addresses course outcomes 1, 3, 4:
-recognize and explain how the scientific method is used to solve problems
– weigh evidence and make decisions based on strengths and limitations of scientific knowledge and the scientific method
– use knowledge of biological principles and the scientific method to ask relevant questions, develop hypotheses, design and conduct experiments, interpret results, and draw conclusions
This assignment will give you the opportunity to participate in ongoing scientific research. For the past several years, I have been involved in ecological research in old-growth forests in Wisconsin. A major problem in many woods is that the forest floor is dominated by a grasslike species, Pennsylvania sedge (likely due to the effects of high deer populations). Another problem in many areas is that dominant trees, such as white pine and sugar maple, do not show successful reproduction to replace old pines and maples that die.
With support from a UMUC Faculty Research Grant to create this assignment, I collected data this summer to address the question, “Does Pennsylvania sedge inhibit regeneration of trees?” Your assignment will be to follow the steps of the scientific method to analyze the field data to test the hypothesis that sedge inhibits tree reproduction. We will also examine a second hypothesis that the sedge cover lowers biodiversity. You will also be asked to generate new hypotheses from the data. (You also will be use the technology of Google Earth to examine the study site.)
You will be given the background and specifics of the assignment in detail during Week 4. The written report on the assignment will be due Monday 2 April at the end of Week 6 and worth 15% of your grade.
· What are the rules and regulations that pertain to the health care organizations?
Nursing Essay Help>Management homework help
UncategorizedInstructions
Before you start making decisions in NewShoes, it is important to develop a strategic plan. Start by writing a mission statement, in which you communicate a vision for the company. Then identify measurable goals that your company should achieve to support your mission. Finally, plan the strategy you will use to meet those goals. Your strategy should spell out plans to enter markets, marketing mix for each market, and product development budgets. Use the following outline for successful completion of the assignment. Please keep in mind that you are writing an APA formatted paper with a Title page, body, and Reference page. Think of this as a research paper. You should take time to research your target market, the athletic shoe industry, and key business concepts in order to address the specific questions asked in this assignment.
Assignment Parameters
Assignment Objectives
Assignment Resources
WHY A NURSING HOME SHOULD HAVE AN ETHICS COMMITTEE
Nursing HomeworksWHY A NURSING HOME SHOULD HAVE AN ETHICS COMMITTEE
As of 2011 there were only a handful of state laws and no federal laws mandating the existence of ethics committees. However, there was a mandate for ethics committee made in the private, although influential, accreditation standards of the Joint Commission, an independent, not-for-profit organization, that is seen as the nation’s predominant standards-setting and accrediting body in healthcare (Pope, 2011).
In addition to Joint Commission the American Medical Director Association (AMDA) recommends that each facility should have an ethics “mechanism” to assist in managing decisions such as do-not-resuscitate and other end-of-life issues (AMDA).
Research nursing home ethics committees and write a 2 – 3 page paper on why a nursing home should have an ethics committee and what the responsibilities of the committee are.
Support your statements with evidence from the Required Studies and your research. Cite and reference your sources in APA style.
Benner identifies Virginia Henderson as a significant early influence on her nursing career (Benner & Wrubel, 1989). Benner’s earlier work relating to expert nursing practice investigated the progression of skill acquisition for nurses based on the skill acquisition theory developed by philosopher
UncategorizedBenner identifies Virginia Henderson as a significant early influence on her nursing career (Benner & Wrubel, 1989). Benner’s earlier work relating to expert nursing practice investigated the progression of skill acquisition for nurses based on the skill acquisition theory developed by philosopher Hubert Dreyfus and his brother, mathematician and systems analyst Stuart Dreyfus (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1980). It is important to clarify that Benner has consistently referred to this model as the “Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition.” Benner, rather than developing a model of skill acquisition, merely validated and extended the existing Dreyfus model to exemplify the process of skill acquisition in nursing. In addition, much of Benner’s writing is the result of collegial effort. For the sake of preventing redundancy, general references contained in this chapter to Benner’s work must be assumed to refer to Benner and colleagues.
Benner served as project director for the Achieving Methods of Intrapersonal Consensus, Assessment and Evaluation project from 1979 through 1981. This project was designed to identify differences between beginning and expert nurses’ clinical performance and situational appraisals (Benner, 1984/2001). A sample of 21 pairs of nurses in a preceptor relationship (newly graduated nurse and expert) was examined using an interpretive phenomenological method and structured using the Dreyfus Skill Acquisition Model (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1980). The pairs were interviewed separately and asked to describe a clinical incident that they had in common to determine if there were differences in the descriptions, indicating differing perceptions and approaches. In addition to the 21 pairs, 51 experienced nurses selected by administrators as being highly skilled, 11 new graduates, and five senior nursing students were interviewed (individual and small group) and/or observed to identify characteristics of performance in other skill levels of nurses. Six hospitals were represented. The results of this study are reported in From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Clinical Nursing Practice (FNE). Findings indicated discernable differences in skill level between novices, advanced beginners, and competent, proficient, and expert nurses. Narrative descriptions were interpreted, and 31 nursing competencies were identified. These competencies were further examined and classified into seven domains of nursing practice. The information presented in FNE regarding skill acquisition domains of nursing practice provides a structure for later works in that frequent reference is made to the differences between inexperienced and expert nursing in terms of concepts such as critical thinking, intuition, and ethical agency.
While the levels of skill acquisition along with the related competencies and domains of nursing practice identified in FNE are frequently used as a framework for practice and education, Benner did not state an intent to develop an interpretive theory until the publication of Primacy of Caring (Benner & Wrubel, 1989). Here, Benner and Wrubel comment on the limitations of existing nursing theories in capturing the essential human issues that are central to nursing. They state, “A theory is needed that describes, interprets, and explains not an imagined ideal of nursing, but actual expert nursing as it is practiced day by day” (p. 5) with a goal to “make visible the hidden significant work of nursing as a caring practice” (p. xi). Benner and Wrubel note, “This book is devoted to an interpretive theory of nursing practice as it is concerned with helping people to cope with the stress of illness” (p. 7).
Primacy of Caring (Benner & Wrubel, 1989) contains further development of the distinguishing features of expert nurses begun in FNE as well as a description of the primary role of caring in nursing practice. Expert nursing practice, as presented in that work, is based on caring at multiple levels of practice. Caring is defined as a “basic way of being in the world” (p. xi) and nursing as a “caring practice whose science is guided by the moral art and ethics of care and responsibility” (p. xi). The descriptions contained in Primacy of Caring relate to the primacy of caring as a significant factor in stress and coping, nursing practice, and illness outcome. Expert nursing care is described related to specific situations such as chronic illness, cancer, and neurological illness. In addition, Benner discusses caregiving from a feminist perspective in her chapter on coping with caregiving.
Benner, Tanner, and Chesla (1996) present the findings of a study conducted between 1990 and 1996 in Expertise in Nursing Practice: Caring, Clinical Judgment, and Ethics (ENP). This work extended the original data of earlier studies. An additional 130 critical care nurses representing eight hospitals were interviewed in small groups, with 48 of those nurses individually interviewed and observed in practice. Benner states, “From this original study, we developed an ethnography of the practice of critical care nurses” (Benner, Hooper-Kyriakides, & Stannard, 1999, p. 6). ENP devotes several chapters to application of this information for improvement of nurse–physician relationships and implications for nursing education and administration.
Benner et al. (1999) published Clinical Wisdom and Interventions in Critical Care: A Thinking-in-Action Approach (CWICC) based on the findings of Phase 2 of the previously described study. Conducted between 1996 and 1997, Phase 2 extended the critical care focus to an additional 75 nurses working in a wide variety of critical care areas as well as advanced practice nurses. This book gives insight into the development of expert critical care nurses’ ability to grasp a problem intuitively and plan ahead when in familiar clinical situations as well as excellent examples of Benner’s nonlinear concept of nursing process. The work identified two habits of thought and actions of expert critical care nurses: (a) clinical grasp and clinical inquiry and (b) clinical forethought. In addition, nine domains of critical care nursing practice with nursing competencies specific to the critical care setting were delineated. Implications for the educational strategies to foster development of expertise are presented in CWICC.
THE U.S.DETERMINE THE AVERAGE DAILY COST OF NURSING HOME CARE IN YOUR STATE
Nursing HomeworksTHE U.S.DETERMINE THE AVERAGE DAILY COST OF NURSING HOME CARE IN YOUR STATE.