Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Essay
When an individual has a platelet count less than 150,000 platelets/uL, he or she is considered to have thrombocytopenia. This condition can occur because of genetic predispositions or can be acquired. When thrombocytopenia is seen due to congenital origin, the underlying disease could be TAR syndrome, Wiskott Aldrich syndrome, or a gene mutation. Acquired thrombocytopenia is usually seen in relation to viral infections, mediation use, a nutrient deficiency, , renal failure, or radiation therapy, or cancer (Huether & McCance, 2017, p. 541). Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Essay.
Thrombocyopenia can be induced with the use of heparin. Furthermore, this condition is called heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) syndrome. It occurs in result to an immune response to the use of heparin. It is less common when using unfractionated heparin, like Lovenox. The immune response causes IgG antibodies to react against the heparin-platelet factor, which leads to platelet activation. The increase in platelet factor 4 and thrombin production leads to an increase in platelet consumption. Platelet consumption results in low platelet counts which appear five to ten days later after heparin was administered (Huether & McCance, 2017, p. 541).
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With HIT syndrome, the patient will experience venous and arterial clotting, while having low platelets levels. This problem is difficult to manage because the patient is clotting and has a risk for bleeding at the same time. Priority management of the patient’s condition is essential (Krzych, Nowacka, & Knapik, 2015).  Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Essay.
Drug Therapy
After HIT syndrome has been identified, it is important to stop the use of heparin and look at other avenues of anticoagulant therapy. There is not a reversal medication to stop HIT from occurring. Managing the patient based on their clinical manifestations is the mainstay of treatment (Huether & McCance, 2017, p. 541). Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Essay.
Behavior
Patients with HIT syndrome typically need platelet replacement. Platelets are a blood component and require consent from the patient prior to them being given. Some individuals have religious beliefs, such as a Jehovah witness, in regards to receiving blood products and will refuse platelet therapy. This therapy is patient choice, but refusal of platelets can be detrimental to the patient. It is important to give all patients the option to receive therapy and discuss pros and cons of their decision. Promoting patient decision making is essential as we strive to maintain their autonomy (Edelen, 2014). Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Essay.
References
Edelen, A. (2014). Blood products and the Jehovah’s witness: An ethical concern. Kentucky
Nurse, 62(2), 4-5.
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding  pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis,
MO: Mosby. Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Essay.
Krzych, Ł. J., Nowacka, E., & Knapik, P. (2015). Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy, 47(1), 63-76. doi:10.5603/AIT.2015.0006. Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Essay

Respond to the following borrowed (non-nursing) theories used in nursing practice essay
Please respond to this Borrowed (non-nursing) theories used in nursing practice essay post as if it were me. The response needs to be in regards to non-nursing theories used in nursing practice. This student named a couple in paragraph one, and elaborated most on Erik Eriksons theory in paragraph 2. I happened to use Erik Eriksons theory on my post, so please include that i too used it on my post, and agree with it.
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The response to the Borrowed (non-nursing) theories used in nursing practice essay must have at least 1 scholarly article (no older than 5 years), Great APA format and citation, and a minimum on 150 words.
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Borrowed (non-nursing) theories used in nursing practice essay
In nursing practice, we apply some borrowed theories. These borrowed theories play an equally important role similar to nursing theories. Borrowed theories are relevant in advanced clinical practice since they enhance the knowledge and nursing practice. Non-nursing theories continue to influence nursing practice because some of the concepts of nursing theories were borrowed from these theories. For example, Nola Pender’s theory of health promotion borrows ideas from theories like Fishbein’s theory of reason action and social learning theory by Albert Bandura. Another theory that is readily applicable to my practice as a nurse practitioner is the psychosocial theory by Erik Erickson. Erickson’s theory outlines eight stages of development that a person has to go through in their lifespan from infancy to late adulthood. As nurse practitioners we attend to patients of all age groups, therefore, it is vital to understand the developmental theory to guide the formulation of age-appropriate care to our patients. This is because the developmental theory helps in better understanding of patients.
According to Machajewski and Kronk (2013), Erik Erickson’s theory is applied in advanced clinical practice addressing childhood grief. Kubler Ross outlined the different stages of grieving and individuals have unique ways of grieving. A family nurse practitioner should be aware of the grieving process of a child after the loss of a parent. The developmental theory will enable the nurse to understand age-appropriate responses to traumatic events and loss.  In the article, the authors present unfortunate incidents of loss of children, friends or siblings in an elementary school. They state that “The FNP has a unique opportunity to care for the family as they move through grief. Knowing the developmental stage of the sibling survivors is the first step to assist in this journey” (Machajewski & Kronk, 2013, p. 447). The nurse practitioner will provide the needed psychological and social support with compassion to the child. This is an indication that we can integrate other non-nursing theories into nursing practice. Erickson’s theory will enable the nurse to understand the developmental stage of the child then use age-appropriate approach to manage the child’s loss. Using Erickson’s developmental theory can help FNP’s provide the “physical care and emotional support so that no sibling survivor and family are left to navigate the journey of grief unassisted” (Machajewski & Kronk, 2013, p. 448). This is an indication that borrowed theories borrowed theories can be used in advanced clinical practice. The nurse will be able to assess for dysfunctional responses due to grieving.  Borrowed (non-nursing) theories used in nursing practice essay.