Ethical Considerations.

Last week, you explored practice problems at the local level. This week, we’ll take that knowledge a step further—you’ll have the opportunity to examine the protection of individuals who volunteer to participate in research studies. What ethical principles are researchers held to as they design a sampling plan that includes recruitment, informed consent, and protection of human subjects throughout the duration of the study, including the dissemination of research study findings? Why is a researcher’s ethical responsibility to human subjects relevant to your exploration of a practice problem? The Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP) provides leadership in the protection of the rights, welfare, and wellbeing of human subjects involved in research conducted or supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).  I’m sure you’re ready to find answers to these questions, so let’s get started!
Translation of a research-based intervention to practice involves a critical review of numerous published research studies to discern if individuals – research subjects – were treated according to the ethical values and principles as defined by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Reflect upon your selected practice problem (lung cancer) and the eventual research-based intervention you select for your practice change project and address the following.

  • What are the potential benefits and harms related to your selected practice problem(lung cancer) when considering a research-based intervention for your practice change project?
  • Are there competing personal or professional values related to this research-based intervention that might impact the implementation of this intervention in your practice setting?
  • What types of objections might be raised? How will you explain your decision to key stakeholders to address these objections?
  • Utilize ethical considerations and theories relevant to translation science.

Instructions:
Use an APA style and a minimum of 200 words. Provide support from a minimum of at least three (3) scholarly sources. The scholarly source needs to be: 1) evidence-based, 2) scholarly in nature, 3) Sources should be no more than five years old (published within the last 5 years), and 4) an in-text citation. citations and references are included when information is summarized/synthesized and/or direct quotes are used, in which APA style standards apply.
• Textbooks are not considered scholarly sources. 
• Wikipedia, Wikis, .com website, or blogs should not be used.
*Resources available to support your learning and work in our discussions this week are:
https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/regulations/common-rule/index.html 
http://www.ihi.org/education/IHIOpenSchool/resources/Pages/Activities/Bates-Reducing-Harm-Important-To-Patient-Safety.aspx
https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2016-title45-vol1/pdf/CFR-2016-title45-vol1-part46.pdf
https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/index.html
U.S. Department of health and Human Services. (2017, October 25). The Belmont report: Basic ethical principles and their application [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6AKIIhoFn4&feature=youtu.be
 
Resnik, D. B. (2020, August 25). National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences: Research ethics timeline (1932-Present). https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/timeline/index.cfm (Links to an external site.)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). U.S. public health service syphilis study at Tuskegee. http://www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/timeline.ht
Dang, D., & Dearholt, S. (2018). Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice model and guidelines (3rd ed.). Sigma Theta Tau International.
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (n.d.). Human subjects research. http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/humansubjects/guidance/belmont.html

Textbook Case Study Critical Reviews
Based on a careful reading of select “public sociology” case studies provided in your course textbook, develop a 500-700-word review and critique of the case study:
___________________________________________________________________________
Case Study Critical Review 2 
Case Study 2.1 OR Case Study 3.1 in the textbook.
Next, for this review (500-750 words), address the following questions in your review of the selected case study. Cite three to five scholarly sources to support your answers: 
 
1. What was the social problem/issue the study and/or initiative was intended to address? Do you think the project scope and design was well suited to better understand and address the issue? Explain.
2. Describe the grassroots nature of the case study/project. How did the project come about? What were opportunities and/or challenges experienced in various stages of the project? How effectively did researchers address project opportunities and challenges?
3. What did project planners do to create active connections between stakeholders (i.e. those affected by—or those in a position to influence—the identified community problem). In your view, what were the strengths and/or limitations of the approach taken to build active community connections between stakeholders?
4. Briefly summarize lessons learned by those involved with the project. Provide an example of one lesson that could be directly applied to your proposed action research project.
I UPLOADED THE ARTICLE CASE STUDY 2.1 IN SECTIONS AS SCREENSHOTS, IT DID NOT ALLOW ME TO SAVE IT AS A COMPLETE FILE. SO SORRY. THEY ARE IN ORDER FROM 1-26. I HOPE I CAN GET THE HELP NEEDED. THANK YOU!
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Planned Change in a Department or Unit Health care organizations are continuously immersed in change from the emergence of new policies, to promote quality care and improve patient safety to keeping pace with the rapid growth in knowledge and best practices. Establishing a solid framework for planning and implementing change is a wise move, as it provides a foundation for the extensive coordination that will be needed to successfully facilitate the change. For this Assignment, you propose a change at the department or unit level and develop a plan for guiding the change effort. To prepare:
  • Review Chapter 8 in the course text. Focus on Kurt Lewin’s change theory, and contrast it with other classic change models and strategies.
  • Reflect on problems, inefficiencies, and critical issues within a specific department, unit, or area in your organization or one with which you are familiar. Select one issue as a focal point for this assignment, and consider a change that could be made to address the issue.
  • Think about how the change would align with the organization’s mission, vision, and values as well as relevant professional standards.
  • Using one of the change models or strategies discussed in Chapter 8, begin formulating a plan for implementing the change within the department/unit. Outline the steps that you and/or others should follow to facilitate the change effort. Align these steps to the change model or strategy you selected.
  • Determine who should be involved in initiating and managing the change. Consider the skills and characteristics that are necessary to facilitate this change effort.
To complete: Write a 4- to 5-page paper (page count does not include title and reference page) that addresses the following:
  • Identify a problem, inefficiency, or issue within a specific department/unit.
  • Describe a specific, realistic change that could be made to address the issue.
  • Summarize how the change would align with the organization’s mission, vision, and values as well as relevant professional standards.
  • Identify a change model or strategy to guide your planning for implementing the change. Provide a rationale for your selection.
  • Outline the steps that you and/or others would follow to facilitate the change. Align these steps to your selected change model or strategy.
  • Explain who would be involved in initiating and managing this change. Describe the skills and characteristics that would be necessary to facilitate the change effort.
Reminder: The School of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references
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